Posted 04 April 2006 - 10:02 PM
Generally when it's fitted to a car all the connections are connected to things, so moisture can't get inside. If it's not all hooked up then damp atmosphere will enter through the breather system, inlets and exhausts, cooling connections etc. It can have bad effects sometimes but generally as long as the head is still fitted it's OK. Some major engine builders keep their core stock outside, as long as you accept that it is for re-building anyway and don't just stick it in and try to run it as is without checking if damage has been done it's fine.
But if the head has been removed, it will take only days in the winter for the bores to rust very deeply. Remember the bores are very raw iron indeed with only a thin coating of oil over them, a little bit of very damp air is all it takes.