The C shaped one is the primary gear thrust washer, and if the primary gear end float is excessive it can result in oil leakage, as can worn bushes in the primary gear. The end float is adjusted by the bronze washer behing the primary gear, and that can be pulled out, having removed the oil seal, without lifting the engine.
As yours is a MK 1, it may be old enough to have certain original features which did not work very well, including an oil feed to the primary gear, and an oil seal in the flywheel, which runs on the outer end of the primary gear. It should have had its oil feed blanked off way back in 1960, and Deva bushes fitted, but you never know.....
You should not have used silicone sealant, and if any excess got onto the crankshaft or inner face of the seal, it would cause leakage. Also, it is essential to use the special sleeve, or something similar, or a temporary wrap of plastic electrical tape, over the primary gear splines and shoulder when fitting the seal, or its inner edge will sustain damage, and will leak.
I would suggest, if your crankshaft end float turns out to be ok, say 3 or 4 thou, just having the cover, flywheel and clutch off, prising out the seal (punch 2 small holes diametrically opposite, put in 2 self tappers, and pull them with pliers, if it will not move), take out the primary gear and examine its internal bushes, check it for good fit on the cranksahft and minimal endfloat. refit with a new seal, protecting it as above, and tapping it in carefully. The seal lip and spring must be on the inner side.
And, set up the clutch overthrow stop again, very carefully, as per the manual. It is most important, on all Minis, even the later Verto clutch models, that excessive clutch travel is prevented, as it does overload the thrust washers as has been already explained.