So, following on from my last issues with starting, it turns out that the battery was going flat because it wasn't being charged.
I checked the voltage across the battery terminals with the car switched off, I got 12.4V. When I started the car, let it idle for a bit and then pulled the choke out a bit to lift the idle, the voltage dropped to 12.2V instead of increasing to 13.5-14.5V as suggested in the books.
I have read the other posts on this topic on the forum and I'd seen that the charge light is another thing to check for issues. The charge light came on with the key in the ignition and then once the car started, the light went off.
I assumed the issue was that the alternator wasn't delivering enough voltage, and so needed replacing (which is tricky here) or rebuilding. So I proceeded to purchase a new regulator, rectifier and bushes, take apart the back of the alternator, cleaning it up and fit the new components. Now, assuming that I rebuilt it correctly (I have limited faith in my ability), then it should work. Did the same check as above and the result hadn't changed. ~12.4V with the engine off and ~12.2V with the motor running. The charge light comes on when the key is in and goes off when the engine is running.
I was also advised to clean the earth connection in the boot. Which I did first (before messing with the alternator).
Now, while all of this was happening, i had drained the battery, and I thought, perhaps, the alternator couldn't charge the battery because it had become too flat. So I got a jump start, took the battery to a battery shop to get it charged and then fit a loan battery. This battery worked to start the car but the voltage across the terminals with the car running was still 12.2V.
I checked the engine bay now and I found one of the earth straps is barely attached. If one of the earth straps to the body is loose or not attached, would that prevent the alternator from charging?

I think it's the starter wire (the one in yellow with tonnes of tape on it.). It has a rather rubbish connection and the wire looks to be in horrible condition. The other connections seem solid though.

What should I check next? I'm really worried about what is broken and more worried that the car is going to leave me stranded somewhere.












