I’ve read about these recently - I think Spider knows more.
IIRC it was a buffer to prevent overthrowing the synchro on later boxes
I don't know more but reading on with interest ! I have found the very late Gearbox Cases, when assembled do over-throw in 4th, to the point where the detent balls in the Hub can lock the Gearbox in 4th or have them fly out. I've never been able to understand though, how this hasn't be an issue that's arisen much. I've now seen this plastic / nylon spacer but then I've never had a very later shifter either, though, this could well explain how the factory got around the issue.
All the same, I can't help but see it as a bit of a 'bodge' fix. You'd only need to have the Steady Rubber in the Diff Cap fail or anything that can make the shifter housing move forward - and not by much (about 4 - 5 mm) and it could overthrow in that way.
Prior to this arrangement, the Overthrow Stops were on the selector forks and the bosses machined in to the Gearbox Case.